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Son of the rishi Atri, Bhardwaj is an honoured sage and among the Sapta Rishis. After finishing five months girls or seven boys it eats the first rice meal called pasni. Despite the forceful integration by the state into the pan-Hindu social structure, the traditionally non-Hindu groups and tribes do not necessarily adhere to the customs and practices of the caste system. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. People with Garga gotra have surnames as Lamichhane, Bhetwal, Chudal, Bhurtel, Acharya, Gajurel, Bastola, Rijal. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. Chicken, duck and goose are debatable and allowance is regionally dependent. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. Kshetri is an endogamous unit. As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. . Bratabandha Ceremony in Nepal What is it and How it Gunyo Cholo in Nepal Dress / Ceremony / Age, ()- Pachbhaiya (Maharashtra), ()- Patil (Maharashtra), () Bhandari (Thansinghe), ()- Bhandari (Suntakhane), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Suvedi), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Risala), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Rimal), () Rajopadhyay (Acharya), () Khoptari (Budhathoki), () Ghimire (Chitikhole), (/) Thapa (Bhandari/Bhandare), // Bharadwaj / Atri / Atreya, // Shandilya / Bharadwaja / Kaushik, // Bharadwaj/Atri/Atreya, // Kashyap/Gautam/Bhardwaj, / () Pokhrel/Pokharel (Dangali), (/) Bishta (Kharkhole/Ghyara), () Budhathoki (Shogari), () Budhathoki (Khaptari), () Bhandari (Thansinge), () Bhandari (Suntakhane), () Mahataro (Chhetriya), () Mahatara (Chhetriya), / () Chanyo/Chancho (Thakuri), / () Chan/Chand (Kama Unipyunani), ( ) Thakuri (Syangajali Khamdi), /( ) Thakunna/Thaguna (Sinha Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Rakse Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Chatyala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Samala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Parvate Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Doteli Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Achami Thakuri), / () Rana/Ranaji (Kunwar), ( ) Som Vanshi (Achhami Atrithakuri), ( ) Shah (Raskoti Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Meghali Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Kaskeli Khand), ( ) Shah (Kalyal Thakuri). The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Hindu Chaturvarnashram model, consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra. The third term is moksha, signifying liberation from the suffering circle of birth and death. There are many rites of passage for children, such as the first rice feeding and the first haircut. Order in Paradox: Myth, Ritual and Exchange among Nepal's Tamang, 1989. The villages are generally situated near rivers or springs, and the homes are connected by footpaths. Brahman and Chhetri are high Hindu Nepalese castes. It is a common belief that from Rishis who were the children of Brahma, eight gotras emerged. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced [tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. . After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. Their moral values and social and political strength continue to play a commanding part in contemporary Nepalese life. I argue . When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Not all Khas people have accepted this status, the remaining group of Matvali Chhetris, that is, those who drink liquor and are not the heirs of the sacred legacy. [1] The literacy rate among Chhetris is 72.3% as per 2011 Nepal census. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. Only men are made as priests. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. [10] It also solidified the supremacy of Kanyakubja Brahmin descendants like the Rajopadhyaya Brahmins over other priests like Maithil Brahmins. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. Khas Chhetris were traditionally considered a division of the Khas people with Khas Brahmin (commonly called Khas Bahun). When this happens people will know how to perform each and every ritual of Nepal, regardless of the Castes. People Group Location: Omid. Plz tell me airi caste gotra .I have not found . For example; Those having maternal clan as Khilchine Adhikari Chhetri cannot marry in the clan of Khilchine Adhikari Bahun as there is brotherhood between these clans. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). While this is being said, we also have to acknowledge that this division of caste has created discrimination. Thapas were supported by Kunwars due to blood relations. Certain outside analysts have suggested that "seeking a balance in approach requires addressing both specific indigenous historical injustices while creating a common citizenship for all marginalised citizens regardless of identity, which remains a particularly challenging issue for Nepal". Nepalese villages consist of loosely grouped homes surrounded by farm land. It will be pretty hard to identify someone if everyone had the same caste. According to the story given in the holy book of Bhagavad-Gita, it was cows milk that saved little Krishna from starvation when he was separated from his mother. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. 691. [12], They are thought to be connected to the Khasas mentioned in the ancient Indian literature and the medieval Khasa kingdom. [23] These number varied after the democratization of Nepal. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. Recommended Links:94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation21 Bold Nepali Names as Surnames100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By RegionThe fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. While it is indeed slowly reducing, the process of removing discrimination is a long process. Most Kshetri families give goat sacrifices on either Maha Ashtami day or Maha Nawami day of Dashain festival. Many historians called Kshetris as Decendents Of Magars. Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). Hope you find the information you are searching for here in this article. On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. We may not think about the meaning or significance of our surname, but it can actually tell us a lot about our family history. 117. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. Nepal Population Report, 2002. People of the mountain belt wear thick and long woolen clothes called Baku and Doha. Kshetris are noted for resourcefulness and charity. Introduction / History. 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. It is important here who is older, whos younger. Similarly, the Janajati has 32.0% (excluding Newars) of the total population of the country, has representation of 7.1%. This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. [9] Jayasthiti Malla's restructuring also converted celibate Buddhist monks to householder status and inside the hierarchic fold for the first time to form the caste of Vajracharya and Shakya. This form of Masto worship among the Khasas is apparently not related to any Vedic scriptures and tradition of the Gangetic plains of India, and seems more closer to pre-Buddhist Shamanistic Bon practice of Tibet. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Similarly, serious limitations and oversights of this code include the complete exclusion of the large middle-ranking Terai groups. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. And in Nepal, caste wise there are three caste having surname Bhandari. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. Alphaltopi. The Nepalese also cultivate vegetable gardens to feed their families. They recognize local gods, goblins, and spirits. Component A: Project preparatory activities to identify the feasibility of at least four large hydropower projects and a second Nepal- India 400 kilo-volt (kV) cross border Joseph on June 17, 2022. Reply. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. A young couple usually lives with the grooms family together with his parents, brothers and their wives and unmarried sisters. Area: 1, 47, 181 sq. They are descended from old warriors of Khas Kingdom. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. It was an attempt to include the entire Hindu as well as non-Hindu population of Nepal of that time into a single hierarchic civic code from the perspective of the Khas rulers. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. Tiji Festival. Nepalese children, whether born to landowners or to servants, are treated well. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. Madhusudan Subedi. Gharti Chhetri Name Meaning. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. Pandes were supported by Basnyats due to blood relations. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. Chhetris, who look like the Brahmins also have an Indo-Aryan origin, have been traditionally classified as warriors and administrators. The above verse explains the duties, characters and behaviours of Kshatriya warrior. Tools. A surname is the family name passed down from generation to generation. The majority of the Chhetri (99%) belong to the Hindu religious group while the remaining minority is Buddhists. There are also a number of larger towns where the important temples or monasteries are located. Register Her status will be raised when she gives birth to a child, especially when she gives birth to a son. These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. Agirl during the first menstruation is transferred to another house, where she is hidden by the eyes of men from her family and from sunlight. The groom should be several years older than the bride. According to popular belief and various historical sources Sthiti Malla first codified the Newar caste system in the Nepal Arthasastra in the 14 th century. Kshetris are the second largest Hindu group with Hindu population of 43,65,113 (99.3% of Kshetris) as per the 2011 Nepal census. However, foreign missionaries found it difficult to evangelize because of the strict government laws and scrutiny of foreigners. Series of Aryan migration to Kathmandu led to increased population and formation of a complex urban and caste-based society. Full list of family names of hilly, Himalayas, terai, Madhesh regions. Today, they are proportionately distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal. [11] Hence, the present Newar society's foundation firmly stands on this restructuring by Malla as Newar society continues to comprise the 4 varna and 64 different caste groups which were hierarchically allotted in Jayasthiti Malla's time according to the classical and religious Hindu scriptures like the Manusmriti. Therefore, as a visitor to the settlement we will often be called brother or sister. The legacy of parents passes only to the son. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Shukra Raj Shastri (1894-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. New divisions and differences have given rise to new antagonisms and social norms. People of the Khas group as well as children conceived from the relationships of Brahmin men and Khas women were named Khatri, after which they obtained the status of Chhetri. Stiller, L. F. (1993). Nepal: Growth of a Nation. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. The surnames are Bhusal, Pangeni, Basnet, Rijal, Humagain, Khadka, Dhamala, Guragain. In terms of earning/income generation, Newars have the highest per capita income of Rs. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. The surnames with this gotra are Lamsal, Dahal, Kunwar, Rupakheti, Rana, Bhatta, Kharaal. That caused Kunwars to rise to power and all Kshetris were thrown of power. It describes the folk culture of any caste and particular tribes. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. If the funeral ritual is not celebrated, the deceased can not go further and instead will haunt the living in the form of an evil spirit. Although most Nepalese are Hindus, there are still a large number of Buddhists and Muslims. Goats, sheep and all variations and forms of them, are fully allowed. Brahmins and Chhetri are often landowners. [5], The ancient tribes living around the northern territory of modern Nepal seem to have been less influenced by the fourfold Varna system of Hinduism. Most of the farmers raise buffalo and goats for meat and cows for milk. How many caste are there in Nepal? The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. Historically, they practiced Hindu polytheism and shamanism. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. Nepal's "unifier," Prithvi Narayan Shah, once called Nepal "a garden of four varnas (castes) and 36 sub-castes . [1], As per the Public Service Commission of Nepal, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in the fiscal year 201718, even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, Madhesis, lower caste and tribes, and other marginalized groups. [8] Among them, most notable migration was the advent of later Malla and Chathariya/Kshatriya and their Maithil Brahmins and others like the Khadgis (butchers), Dobhi, among others, with conquest of Karnat kingdom in 1324 CE by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty and Sultan of Delhi. How Do Different People Assess Social Change In Nepal? Ravens receive sweets and other delicacies in a gift, and pets decorate themselves with flower garlands. Khas Brahmins come next with an average income of Rs. enumerators interviewed 1072 adults from 14 districts of Nepal in March and April of . Chhetri belongs to the Indo-Arya which is part of the Kshatriya varna, and speak mainly Nepali. 4. He cursed Yama with mortality. Bhadrakali, a popular form of Goddess Kali, is the main deity of the Nepalese Army (previously Gorkhali Army) due to prevalence of Kshetri commanders. [17] Abhiman Singh Basnyat of Basnyat dynasty and Damodar Pande of Pande dynasty were both members of Chhetri caste. Dhananjaya gotra came from a Hindu Rishi Dhananjaya. The Kunwars were led by Ramkrishna Kunwar and Bista/Bisht were led by Gajabal Bista and Atibal Bista. Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. The Facility will support two components: Component A and Component B. The process of overthrowing the rule of Ministers of Rana and subsequent political activities aimed at democratic or socialist reform was also carried out by members of the Brahman and Chhetrich castes. Girls help care for the younger children, carry food for the animals, and haul water. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2% ; 3,226,903).". (Brahmin/Chhetri) and 40% among Dalits [11]. Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. Human Resources Development Research Center, Kathmandu. Sometimes, Bhandari Kshetri family of Jaswanta Bhandari was also considered as Kaji Khalak family of the Royal court of Nepal. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. Many also beg and scavenge for a living. [6], The earliest detailed record of the caste system in Nepal has been found in Kathmandu Valley from the 5th century CE during the Licchavi period (400-750 CE) with mentions of the presence of Brahmans (Vedic priests) and Chandala (untouchables). The Dalits who constitute 12.8 percent of the total population of the country have no representation in the higher echelons of power' (Gurung, H. 2006). Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. 12,114 and Muslim ranks the lowest, Rs.11,014'[22] The democratic transitions also failed to be inclusive management and functioning governance mainly because government was unable to understand and articulate the spirit of all Nepalese people irrespective of their caste, gender, ethnicity, and religion. Related Articles. The Kunwar high rank officers escalated quickly between 1841 AD to 1854 AD. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. The costumes of the community become costumes of folk dancers and folk dance has been practiced in our . In terms of ethnicity/caste, 48.4% were Chhetri, 11.5% Kami, 11.4% Hill Brahmin, 7.3% Damai/Dholi, . He gained prominence as a scholar in different languages in the Indian subcontinent. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. sabin basnet on May 16, 2022. khulal Basnet ko gotra chai k ho? In the times of unification of Nepal, Kshetris were more rigid to worship of ferocious forms of Godess Kali and Lord Shiva. Also Gandharva and Rakshas marriages are not allowed. Wet rice is grown on terraced fields, divided into small plots inherited by generations. [8][9] According to the 1854 Legal Code (Muluki Ain) of Nepal, Chhetris are the social group among the sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born people of the Hindu tradition. Karmacharyas and Joshis were all-together stripped off their Brahmin status by these new and arguably more well-read Brahmins, and assimilated them in the Kshatriya/Chathariya. Traditional caste barriers have been broken down as a result of such social mobility. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. So, to make this matter convenient, here we have come up with the lists of castes and their respective sub-castes which will make you crystal clear about the castes-related facts. He created the Gayatri Mantra. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. Marriage among Sagotri people remains unacceptable to date. Returning home formally is considered a woman, a member of the caste. In 2001 the CBS recorded 43 caste-origin Hindu groups in the Madhesh. There were 12 Basnyats, 16 Pandes, 6 Thapas and 3 Kunwar officers totalling to 51 Chhetri officers in the year 1841 A.D.[19] The most prominent officers at Shah administration were the Kazis which had control over civil and military functions like a Minister and Military officer combined. Although caste or tribe based hierarchy has been a hallmark for all ethnicities of Nepal, only three societies traditionally were part of the four Varna concept of social division and hierarchy. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. The term "gotra" refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. They also run all the marital rituals. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2%; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), . Many Chhetrich serve in the Nepalese army or in the Gorkh brigades of the Indian or British army. The Newar population of Nepal was estimated to be about 1,250,000 in the early 21st century. Contact: maya@lifeofus.net. The Atri gotra came from Anasuya Devi and Brahmarshi Atri. For further queries follow Tips Nepal and show some love. (2011). Kshetri are almost all Hindus as per 2011 Nepal census. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Log In The most important part of the ceremony is kanyadan, the ritual of handing the bride over to the bridegroom in the hands of the groom. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. [6] that marginalized the monarchy, and the Chhetri presence in the armed forces, police, and Government of Nepal. There are a few things that are a trade secret of your castes. In 1951AD, democracy was established and Kshetri rule were stopped. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. Dewali Puja is common among Bahuns too. 25 Feb 2014 - codefornepal. The people of the Chhetri and Brahmin caste do not have artistic tendencies. The most ambitious and powerful among the Chhetris, the Khas kings began to further claim a new caste where they merged with the Magar kings of Gandaki region to form a royal hybrid Thakuri caste. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. The ancient history of the Thakurs is traced back to their ancestral and tribal sources. jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football gelal caste in nepal. [5]Kunwars claimed royalty and changed their surname to Rana (meaning: King) from Kunwar (meaning: Prince).